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ISLAMABAD: The federal government has officially authorised the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) to collect the Petroleum Development Levy (PDL) and Climate Support Levy (CSL) on petroleum products across Pakistan. The move formally designates the tax authority as a collection agent of the Ministry of Petroleum and Petroleum Division, marking a significant shift in the administrative handling of energy-related levies.
The development follows the issuance of SRO 800(I)/2026 by the FBR, which introduces key amendments to the Sales Tax Rules 2006. The notification establishes a revised collection mechanism under which the FBR will operate on behalf of the relevant ministries, streamlining the levy collection process within the existing legal framework.
A central feature of the new framework is the introduction of a Domestic Sales Invoice (DSI) system, designed to standardise reporting and strengthen compliance throughout the petroleum supply chain. Under this arrangement, all registered purchasers of petroleum products, including petrol pump operators, are now required to submit comprehensive transaction data in a prescribed format.
The mandatory disclosures include buyer details such as National Tax Numbers (NTN) and Computerised National Identity Card (CNIC) numbers, alongside HS codes, transaction dates, quantity sold in litres, total sales value, and separately itemised PDL and CSL amounts. Where exemptions or zero-rated supplies apply, relevant statutory references must also be provided.
The amendments specifically update Annexure-L of the monthly sales tax return form STR-7. Officials noted that the Climate Support Levy, introduced in the Finance Bill 2025 and effective since July 1, 2025, is intended to fund measures to address environmental and climate-related challenges.
Importantly, FBR officials clarified that no changes have been made to existing tax rates or the overall levy structure. The revision is purely administrative, aimed at improving documentation, transparency, and reporting standards across the petroleum sector.
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ISLAMABAD: The Government of Pakistan has approved a national Code of Practice on Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) for the construction sector, marking a landmark advancement in worker protection across one of the country’s most hazardous industries.
Issued through a Statutory Regulatory Order (SRO), the Code establishes legally binding minimum safety and health standards for all construction activities, including building works, civil engineering projects, infrastructure development, and demolition operations. It applies to the full lifecycle of construction projects from planning and design through to execution and completion, ensuring that safety is embedded at every stage rather than treated as an afterthought.
A defining feature of the new framework is its explicit inclusion of informal and unregistered workers, who constitute a substantial proportion of Pakistan’s construction workforce. By extending legal protections to all workers regardless of employment status, the Code addresses longstanding gaps in labour rights enforcement and promotes non-discriminatory access to safety measures, including for migrant labourers and daily wage workers.
The Code was developed through a tripartite process involving government, employers, and workers’ representatives, co-led by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC). It aligns with internationally recognised standards, including the ILO’s global Code of Practice on OSH in construction, while being anchored in Pakistan’s existing regulatory framework.
To strengthen accountability, the Code introduces enhanced inspection mechanisms, clear compliance benchmarks, and defined enforcement responsibilities for both federal and provincial authorities.
Geir Tonstol, ILO Country Director for Pakistan, welcomed the development, noting that with enforceable standards now in place, the priority must shift firmly to implementation.
The Code will come into force one year after its official notification, allowing stakeholders time to align operations, build capacity, and prepare for nationwide adoption.
In this regard, Islamabad-based real estate developer Chakor Ventures has already demonstrated alignment with such national safety imperatives at its Citadel 7 project. The company maintains a robust “Safety First” culture across its construction operations, emphasising consistent adherence to safety protocols, proactive hazard identification, and preventive risk management. Chakor Ventures remains committed to completing its projects with an exemplary safety record, setting a positive benchmark for the private sector.
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Karachi is Pakistan’s largest city. It stretches along the coastline of the Arabian Sea. Most people know its busy streets and crowded markets. Many visitors explore popular spots like Manora Beach Karachi along the way. But just off its coastline lies a hidden treasure that even fewer people know about. Bundal Island is that treasure. This small, uninhabited island surprises every visitor. It offers pristine beaches, rich history, and an untouched ecosystem. Yet very few people talk about it. This guide covers everything you need to know about Bundal Island, from its location and wildlife to its billion-dollar development story.
Quick Facts
Feature
Details
Official Name
Bundal Island
Other Names
Bundaar, Bhandar Island, Bundle Island, Bhandar
Location
Arabian Sea, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
District
Malir District, Karachi
Coordinates
24.726118°N, 67.123833°E
Total Area
~24 km² (9.4 sq mi)
Highest Elevation
6 metres (20 ft)
Island Type
Uninhabited
Neighbouring Islands
Buddo Island, Khiprianwala Island, Charna Island
Access Point
Kemari Harbor, Karachi
Mode of Access
Boat only
Key Landmark
Tomb of Sufi Saint Yousuf Shah
Annual Event
Urs of Yousuf Shah
Ecosystem
Mangrove forests, coral reefs, and marine life
Ownership Dispute
Sindh Government vs Port Qasim Authority
Disputed Land Area
12,000 acres (49 km²)
Proposed Investment
$50 billion (PIDA, 2020)
Development Status
Undeveloped (as of 2025)
What Is Bundal Island?
Bundal Island is a small island located in the Arabian Sea. It sits southeast of Karachi’s DHA (Defence Housing Authority) area. The island spans approximately 24 square kilometres. It is part of the Indus River Delta.
The island goes by several names. Locals call it Bundaar. It is also known as Bhandar Island or Bundle Island. In Urdu, it is written as جزیرہ بھنڈار, and in Sindhi as ڀنڍار ٻيٽ.
The island is currently uninhabited. No permanent residents live there. It is mostly visited by local fishermen, pilgrims, and nature enthusiasts. Its twin island, Buddo, lies to its west. Khiprianwala Island is also nearby.
Location and How to Get There
Bundal Island is easy to locate on a map. Its coordinates are 24.726118°N latitude and 67.123833°E longitude. The island stands opposite DHA Phase 8’s Do Darya area. On a clear day, it is visible from the shoreline.
Getting there is straightforward. Visitors can reach the island by taking a short boat ride from Kemari Harbor in Karachi. It serves as the main gateway to the island.
The boat journey is short and scenic. The ride gives you a beautiful view of the Arabian Sea. It also offers a fresh perspective on the Karachi coastline.
There are currently no bridges or roads connecting the island to the mainland. All access is by water. It is advisable to hire a local fisherman’s boat. Go during daylight hours for safety. The best season to visit is between October and March when the weather is cool, and the sea is calm.
A Brief History of Bundal Island
Bundal Island has a long and layered history. Local fishermen have known it for generations. They pronounced its name as Bhandar in their dialect.
The island has strong spiritual roots. It is home to the shrine of the Sufi saint Yousuf Shah. His annual Urs at the tomb attracts thousands of people from the coast to the island.
During the Urs festival, the island transforms completely. Pilgrims arrive by boat from all around Karachi. Food stalls appear. Music fills the air. For those few days, the once-quiet island bursts with life and devotion.
Beyond its spiritual heritage, the island has also been at the centre of several major development plans. Each plan promised to change its future. So far, the island remains as it always was, peaceful and undeveloped.
A Quick Historical Timeline:
Pre-2000s: Island known mainly to local fishermen and pilgrims
2013: Bahria Town announces a $20 billion development deal
2019: PM Imran Khan reviews new development proposals
2020: Pakistan Islands Development Authority (PIDA) is formed
2021: PIDA ordinance lapses; island remains undeveloped
2025: Island still in the planning stage
Things to Do at Bundal Island
Bundal Island may not have five-star resorts. But it offers something better, a raw, untouched nature. Here are the top things to do when you visit.
Relax on Pristine Beaches
The beaches here are quiet and clean. There are no crowds. No vendors. No noise. Just the sound of waves and wind. It is a perfect escape from Karachi’s chaos.
Snorkelling and Marine Exploration
The surrounding waters are full of marine life. They are excellent for snorkelling and scuba diving. Visitors can explore the underwater world and witness colourful coral reefs and various fish species.
The water visibility is excellent in the winter months. Bring your own snorkelling gear as no rentals are available on the island.
Birdwatching
The island sits within the Indus Delta migration corridor. Many migratory bird species pass through every year. Native waterbirds are also present year-round. Birdwatchers will find this island very rewarding. Early morning is the best time to spot birds.
Photography
Bundal Island is a photographer’s dream. Wide-open beaches, the blue Arabian Sea, mangrove patches, and dramatic skies create stunning shots. The golden hour just after sunrise or before sunset is magical here.
Visit the Tomb of Yusuf Shah
This is the island’s most significant landmark. The tomb of the Sufi saint Yusuf Shah sits peacefully on the island. It holds deep cultural and religious value. Whether you are a pilgrim or a curious traveller, it is worth visiting with respect.
Island Hopping
The neighbouring Buddo and Charna Islands add to the area’s allure. You can arrange a combined island tour with local boatmen. Each island has its own character and charm.
Water Sports
Basic water activities are possible here. Kayaking is popular among adventure visitors. Some groups also bring their own jet-skiing equipment. The open sea and clean water make it ideal for water-based activities.
Ecosystem and Wildlife
This is where Bundal Island truly stands apart from other tourist spots. Its ecological value is immense.
The island boasts vital mangrove forests. It is part of the Indus Delta and hosts diverse marine life and bird species.
Mangrove forests are critical ecosystems. They protect coastlines from erosion. They serve as nurseries for fish and marine creatures. They also support hundreds of bird species. The island’s mangroves are a key part of the larger Indus Delta system.
The surrounding waters host a wide variety of marine life. Fish, crustaceans, and marine mammals are found here. The coral formations attract snorkellers and divers. The ecosystem is fragile and needs careful protection.
Environmental organisations have raised serious concerns about development plans on the island. The IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) has published a position paper specifically about Bundal Island. It highlights the environmental risks of large-scale construction. Dredging, land reclamation, and infrastructure development could permanently damage the mangroves and marine life.
The Bundal Island Development Project
This is perhaps the most talked-about aspect of Bundal Island. Over the years, several grand development plans have been announced. Each generated massive media attention. None has been completed.
Bahria Town Deal: 2013
In 2013, Bahria Town announced a joint venture with Thomas Kramer’s companies. The project was called Bodha Island City. It covered Bundal and Buddo Islands. The estimated cost was $20 billion.
The plan was breathtaking in scale. The proposed attractions included the world’s tallest building. There were also plans for the largest shopping mall, a sports city, educational and medical hubs, an international city, and a media city.
The project was expected to create approximately 2.5 million jobs. It aimed to provide housing for millions of people. It was set to be completed within 5 to 10 years. Residential handovers were expected to begin in 2016. None of this happened.
Pakistan Islands Development Authority (PIDA): 2020
In 2020, the federal government revived the idea of island development. Bundal Island was part of a $50 billion city development initiative. A new body, the Pakistan Islands Development Authority, was formed on September 2, 2020. It was dissolved on January 3, 2021. The presidential ordinance that established it failed to pass through parliament.
The federal government’s move was strongly criticised. Environmentalists raised alarms about damage to natural ecosystems. The provincial government of Sindh was not consulted. This created a major political conflict.
Ownership of Islands
There is a long-running dispute over the ownership of these islands. The provincial government of Sindh and the Port Qasim Authority both claim rights over 12,000 acres of land in this area.
PPP Chairperson Bilawal Bhutto Zardari publicly denounced the federal government’s move. He compared it to illegal annexation. The Sindh cabinet unanimously rejected the ordinance. They demanded that the federal government withdraw it immediately.
As of 2025, Bundal Island remains entirely undeveloped. It is still in the planning stage. The ownership dispute is unresolved. The environmental debate continues.
Bundal Island vs Buddo Island
Many people confuse these two islands. They are neighbours, but they are not the same.
Feature
Bundal Island
Buddo Island
Position
Eastern island
Western island
Key Landmark
Tomb of Yusuf Shah
More remote, fewer landmarks
Popularity
More visited
Less visited
Size
~24 km²
Smaller
Development Plans
Primary focus
Included in joint plans
When most people talk about one, they usually mean the other as well. Both islands are part of the same disputed 12,000-acre zone. Both face similar environmental and development challenges.
Is Bundal Island Worth Visiting?
The honest answer yes, but only if you know what to expect.
Bundal Island is not a luxury destination. There are no hotels. No restaurants. No roads. No electricity. You must bring your own food, water, and supplies.
But if you love nature, you will love this island. The beaches are pristine. The waters are clear. The birdlife is spectacular. The silence is healing.
It is perfect for nature lovers, photographers, adventure seekers, and spiritual pilgrims during the Urs. It is not ideal for families expecting facilities or travellers seeking comfort.
Go with a group. Hire a reliable boatman. Carry enough water and food. Leave nothing behind except footprints.
FAQs About Bundal Island
Where is Bundal Island located?
It is located in the Arabian Sea, southeast of DHA Karachi, in Malir District, Sindh, Pakistan.
How do I get to Bundal Island?
Take a boat from Kemari Harbor in Karachi. It is the only way to reach the island.
Is Bundal Island open to visitors?
Yes. There are no formal restrictions. However, there are also no facilities. Plan your visit carefully.
How big is Bundal Island?
It spans approximately 24 square kilometres (9.4 sq mi).
What is the Urs at Bundal Island?
It is the annual religious festival at the tomb of the Sufi saint Yusuf Shah. It draws thousands of pilgrims from across Karachi’s coastal communities.
What happened to the Bundal Island development project?
Multiple projects were announced, but none were completed. As of 2025, the island remains undeveloped due to legal disputes and environmental concerns.
Is Bundal Island safe to visit?
It is generally safe during the daytime. Always visit with a group and during calm sea conditions. Avoid visiting during the monsoon season (July–September).
Final Thoughts
Bundal Island is one of Karachi’s best-kept secrets. It is raw, real, and quietly beautiful. It carries history in its soil and spiritual energy in its air.
The future of Bundal Island remains uncertain. Development plans have come and gone. Legal disputes remain unresolved. Environmental debates continue. But through all of this, the island itself stays unchanged. Its beaches remain untouched. Its mangroves stand tall. Its marine life thrives beneath the surface. Whatever happens next, one thing is clear: Bundal Island deserves attention, respect, and careful protection. It is a natural asset that Pakistan cannot afford to lose.
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ISLAMABAD: Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi has issued a formal directive ordering the complete digitization of all Capital Development Authority (CDA) records within 120 days, a move aimed at enhancing administrative transparency and streamlining public service delivery. Once implemented, citizens will be able to monitor the status of their applications through an online portal, eliminating the need for in-person follow-ups.
The directive was issued during a high-level meeting chaired by Naqvi, in which officials reviewed ongoing development projects in the federal capital and deliberated on new urban initiatives. The minister categorically stated that no illegal housing societies would be tolerated within Islamabad’s limits, signalling a firm stance against unauthorized land use and encroachments.
Among the significant announcements, three international firms have been pre-qualified for the construction of a new convention center, an expo center, and the Islamabad Arena. Authorities have been instructed to ensure the timely completion of these projects in advance of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit, underscoring their strategic importance at the diplomatic level.
On the recreational front, the minister outlined an ambitious plan to modernize leisure facilities across the capital. A dedicated service center is to be established in the F-6 sector, while construction is set to begin on several public attractions, including a top golf facility, hot air balloon rides, a zip line, a water park, and an amusement park.
Additionally, Naqvi directed that F-9 Park be transformed into a world-class recreational space modelled after London’s Hyde Park, and called for a comprehensive entertainment development plan for the area around Shahdara Dam.
Infrastructure improvements were also addressed, with beautification and lighting work on the Expressway and Club Road scheduled to commence immediately. The CDA chairman confirmed that construction on the Expressway service road will proceed upon receipt of formal approval from the Planning Division.
Naqvi commended CDA officials for their role in exposing internal corruption and made clear that those found involved in malpractice would face strict accountability without exception, reaffirming the government’s commitment to institutional reform and good governance.
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KARACHI: The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) has issued comprehensive revised operating rules for PRISM+, the Pakistan Real-Time Interbank Settlement Mechanism Plus, in a move aimed at reinforcing the country’s financial market infrastructure and aligning it with international best practices.
The revised rules take effect immediately and supersede the earlier PRISM Operating Rules issued under PSD Circular 02 of 2018, reflecting the significant technological and operational advancements made since that framework was established.
PRISM+ was launched in June 2025 as SBP’s upgraded Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) system. A key feature of the new system is the integration of the Central Securities Depository (CSD) module with the funds settlement system, expanding the platform’s operational scope to encompass both high-value interbank fund transfers and government securities operations under a single, unified infrastructure.
The revised rulebook covers a broad spectrum of operational areas, including participation criteria, messaging standards, funds and government securities settlement processes, liquidity and risk management controls, business-day arrangements, contingency provisions, and regulatory reporting requirements. Additionally, the rules govern the issuance, auction, trading, custody, and settlement of Government of Pakistan marketable securities, as well as related liquidity operations conducted through PRISM+.
The updated framework applies to all existing and future PRISM+ participants, encompassing scheduled banks, primary dealers, preliminary primary dealers, special purpose primary dealers, development finance institutions (DFIs), Islamic banks, Islamic banking branches, and any other institution authorised by the SBP to participate in government securities markets or settlement activities.
By consolidating various operational instructions issued over the years into a single comprehensive document, the SBP aims to enhance transparency, reduce systemic risk, and ensure that Pakistan’s core payment and securities settlement infrastructure operates at a standard consistent with global regulatory expectations.
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Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib is one of the holiest sites in Sikhism. It is located in Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. The name “Janam Asthan” means “sacred birthplace” in Punjabi. This sacred shrine marks the exact spot where Guru Nanak Dev Ji was born. Guru Nanak Dev Ji is the founder of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus.
Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib stands as a symbol of faith, unity, and devotion. Pilgrims from India, Canada, the UK, and across the world visit this shrine every year. It is officially listed as a Protected Heritage Monument by the Government of Punjab, Pakistan. The Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee manages this sacred complex.
Quick Facts
Detail
Information
Full Name
Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib
Religion
Sikhism
Location
Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan
Significance
Birthplace of Guru Nanak Dev Ji
Architectural Style
Sikh Architecture
Construction Started
1600 A.D.
Completed
1819–1820 A.D.
Distance from Lahore
65–72 km (approx. 1 hour drive)
Administered By
Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee
History of Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib
The history of Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib is deep, rich, and powerful. It stretches back more than five centuries. Every chapter of this history reflects courage, devotion, and sacrifice.
Origins and Early Construction
The town of Nankana Sahib was originally called Rai Bhoi Di Talwandi. It was later renamed in honour of Guru Nanak Dev Ji. The first gurdwara at this site was built around 1600 A.D. It was constructed by Baba Dharam Chand, the grandson of Guru Nanak Dev Ji. This was a humble memorial to mark the sacred birthplace.
Over the centuries, the structure grew with every generation. Maharaja Ranjit Singh took a special interest in this site. He expanded and renovated the entire complex. The gurdwara was completed in full between 1819 and 1820. Since then, it has remained one of the most visited religious sites in Pakistan.
Guru Nanak’s Birth and Early Life
Guru Nanak Dev Ji was born on April 15, 1469 A.D. His father was Mehta Kalu, who served as a Revenue Clerk under the local ruler Rai Bular Bhatti. His mother was Mata Tripta, who originally came from the village of Chahai near Lahore. The land surrounding the birthplace was gifted to Guru Nanak by Rai Bular Bhatti, a Muslim headman of Talwandi village.
Guru Nanak spent the first 16 years of his life in Talwandi. Even as a young child, he showed deep spiritual wisdom and extraordinary intellect. His early years in this town shaped the foundation of his lifelong mission. That mission was to spread the message of love, equality, and the oneness of God.
The Nankana Massacre of 1921
The most tragic chapter in the history of Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib is the Saka Nankana, the Nankana Massacre of 1921. On February 20, 1921, a group of peaceful Sikh reformers arrived at the gurdwara. They belonged to the Akali movement. They wanted to challenge the corrupt management of the gurdwara, led by Mahant Narayan Das.
Mahant Narayan Das’s supporters attacked the reformers brutally. Around 86 to 200 Sikhs were killed in this massacre. Their leader, Sardar Lachhman Singh Dharowali, was among the martyrs. The walls of Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib still carry the memory of this dark day.
The massacre sent shockwaves across the Sikh community. It became a turning point in Sikh political and religious history. It strengthened the Akali movement and led to major reforms in gurdwara management across pre-partition India.
Architecture of Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib
Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib is a magnificent piece of Sikh architecture. The complex is vast and imposing. It sits at the end of the main road running through Nankana Sahib city.
The key architectural features include:
Grand main entrance gate with embossed metalwork depicting scenes from Guru Nanak’s life
Beautiful white domes that rise high into the sky
Darbar Hall, where daily prayers take place
Sarovar, a sacred pool surrounded by elegant arcades
Courtyard wide and spacious, built to welcome thousands of pilgrims
Tall towers are visible from a great distance
The complex is built using bricks and plaster. The interiors are decorated with intricate designs. The 2020 restoration work further preserved and beautified the complex. This restoration has helped protect the site for future generations.
Religious Significance of Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib
Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib holds the highest spiritual value for Sikhs worldwide. It is not just a building. It is the living proof of where the Sikh faith began.
Daily prayers are held inside the complex every morning and evening. The holy scripture, Guru Granth Sahib, is recited every day at this site. Thousands of pilgrims come here to offer prayers and seek spiritual peace.
Gurudwara Nankana Sahib forms part of an ensemble of 9 important gurdwaras located across the city of Nankana Sahib. Each gurdwara in this city marks a different miraculous event from Guru Nanak’s life. Together, they create a sacred pilgrimage trail for Sikh devotees.
The site is also regularly visited by Sikh yatris (pilgrims) from India. They come as part of an organised pilgrimage route in Pakistan. The Pakistani government facilitates these visits through special pilgrim visas and arrangements.
Festivals and Events at Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib
Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib comes alive during major Sikh festivals. These events draw thousands of pilgrims from around the globe.
Key events celebrated here include:
Gurpurab (Guru Nanak’s Birth Anniversary) is the biggest celebration of the year. It is observed on Pooranmashi (Full Moon) in October or November. The entire city of Nankana Sahib fills with devotees, langar (community meals), and kirtans (devotional singing).
Baisakhi / Founding Day of the Khalsa: A joyful celebration marking the creation of the Khalsa Panth by Guru Gobind Singh Ji.
Death Anniversary of Maharaja Ranjit Singh: A day of respect and remembrance for the man who restored and expanded this sacred site.
Martyrdom Day of the Fifth Guru: Observed with great solemnity and prayer.
During Gurpurab, the gurdwara complex is decorated with flowers and lights. Nonstop recitation of Gurbani fills the air. The langar serves free food to every visitor regardless of religion or background.
Other Gurdwaras Near Gurudwara Nankana Sahib
Nankana Sahib is not just home to one sacred site. The city has 7 to 9 historic gurdwaras, each connected to a specific event in Guru Nanak’s life. Visiting all of them makes for a complete and deeply spiritual experience.
Notable nearby gurdwaras include:
Gurdwara Sri Malji Sahib: Located about 1.5 km from the main shrine. It marks the spot where a cobra is said to have shaded the sleeping Guru Nanak from the afternoon sun. The interiors are decorated with ancient ceramic tiles depicting cobras.
Gurdwara Kiara Sahib: Marks the miraculous event of Guru Nanak stopping a large boulder from rolling downhill.
Jand Sahib: A sacred memorial tree with historical inscriptions in Gurmukhi and English. The brutal murder of Sardar Lachhman Singh is depicted on its walls through paintings.
Gurdwara Patti Sahib: Marks the place where Guru Nanak studied as a child.
How to Visit Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib
Planning a visit to Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib is straightforward. Here is everything you need to know:
Location: Nankana Sahib, District Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan
Distance from Lahore: 65–72 km
Travel Time: Approximately 1 hour by road
Road Condition: Metalled road, smooth and accessible
Access: By road only (no airport nearby)
Best Time to Visit: Year-round, though early mornings and cooler months (October to March) are most comfortable
Dress Code: Modest and respectful clothing required. The head must be covered inside the gurdwara.
Entry: Free for all visitors
For Sikh pilgrims from India, the Pakistani government arranges special pilgrimage visas. Groups typically travel through the Wagah Border near Lahore. From Lahore, the cultural hub, Nankana Sahib is an easy one-hour drive. Pilgrims are warmly welcomed and fully accommodated.
Pakistan’s Role in Preserving Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib
In 2020, major restoration work was carried out at the complex. This work helped restore the shrine’s original beauty and structural integrity. The Pakistani government also actively facilitates annual Sikh pilgrimages to this site. This reflects Pakistan’s respect for its multi-religious heritage.
The connection between Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib and the Kartarpur Corridor has also strengthened religious tourism in the region. Pilgrims now combine visits to both sites in one spiritual journey.
FAQs: Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib
What is Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib?
It is the sacred birthplace of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the founder of Sikhism. It is one of the holiest Sikh shrines in the world.
Who built Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib?
It was first built by Baba Dharam Chand in 1600 A.D. Maharaja Ranjit Singh later expanded and completed it between 1819 and 1820.
Where is Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib located?
It is located in Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan, approximately 65 to 72 km from Lahore.
When was Guru Nanak Dev Ji born?
Guru Nanak Dev Ji was born on April 15, 1469 A.D.
What happened in the Nankana Massacre of 1921?
A group of peaceful Sikh reformers was brutally attacked by supporters of the gurdwara’s corrupt manager. Dozens of Sikhs were martyred on February 20, 1921.
Is Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib open to non-Sikh visitors?
Yes. The gurdwara warmly welcomes visitors of all faiths and backgrounds.
Conclusion
Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib is far more than a religious monument. It is the birthplace of a spiritual revolution that changed millions of lives. Every brick of this complex carries centuries of faith, sacrifice, and devotion.
Whether you are a Sikh pilgrim, a history lover, or a curious traveller, a visit to Gurudwara Janam Asthan Nankana Sahib is a deeply moving experience. It connects you to the roots of one of the world’s great religions. It reminds you of the timeless power of love, equality, and truth, the very values that Guru Nanak Dev Ji stood for.
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KARACHI: The Sindh government has taken a significant step toward modernising its revenue collection infrastructure by initiating the digital collection of Immovable Property Tax (IPT) through the Board of Revenue’s e-Stamping platform, operated by the Sindh Information Technology Company (SITC).
The development was formalised through a memorandum of understanding signed at the office of Local Government Minister Nasir Shah. The agreement was concluded between Sindh Bank, the National Bank of Pakistan, and the Bank of Punjab, in collaboration with the Board of Revenue and the provincial local government and information technology departments.
The new arrangement integrates IPT collection directly into the existing e-Stamping process. Under the mechanism, the tax will be automatically calculated at one percent of the total property value and generated alongside the e-Stamping challan, eliminating the need for a separate payment document. The local government, the Board of Revenue, and the three partner banks will be interconnected through a unified online system to ensure a more streamlined and dependable process.
Speaking at the ceremony, Local Government Minister Nasir Shah said the initiative would enhance transparency and help eliminate corruption in property-related tax collection. He added that direct collection of stamp duty and allied taxes would strengthen local councils financially and improve their operational performance.
SITC Chief Executive Zainulabedin Shah noted that the same digital infrastructure underpinning the e-Stamping system is now being extended to municipal tax collection, enabling greater efficiency and convenience for citizens across the province.
Since SITC assumed operational control of the e-Stamping platform in September 2025, the system has processed over one million challans and generated more than Rs18 billion in revenue through 431 bank branches across Sindh.
The initiative represents a broader provincial effort to digitise financial governance and reduce procedural inefficiencies in property transfer taxation.
Dedicated and detail-oriented SEO Content Writer, Real Estate Writer, and Research Analyst based in Islamabad, with proven expertise in developing accurate, valuable, and well-researched content. Skilled in analytical writing, market research, and reporting, with the ability to turn insights into clear, professional, and impactful content. Passionate about exploring new ideas, analyzing industry trends, and contributing to high-quality writing and research-driven projects.
The Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) issued S.R.O. 644(I)/2026 on April 16, 2026, implementing sweeping reductions of 10 to 35 percent in official property valuation rates across Islamabad. This marks the fourth major intervention in Islamabad’s property valuation framework within five months, following S.R.O. 163(I)/2026 (February 2) and S.R.O. 332(I)/2026 (February 24, 2026).
The revision is widely seen as a pivotal recalibration that could reignite investor confidence, stimulate transaction volumes, and bring greater documentation to the capital’s real estate market.
1. Background & Policy Context
Pakistan’s property taxation framework has long grappled with a structural gap between official FBR valuations and actual market transaction values. Since 2016, the FBR has been responsible for determining fair market prices for properties in major urban centres. These valuations serve as the basis for calculating federal taxes, including capital gains and withholding taxes.
The current revision cycle began in December 2025, when the FBR suspended fresh property valuations in Islamabad after taxpayers raised concerns about proposed increases of up to 1,250%. The April 2026 notification is the fourth significant intervention in five months, reflecting the urgency of realigning valuations with market realities.
SRO Reference
Description
Date
Suspension
FBR suspends fresh valuations after public outcry over 1,250% hike proposals
December 2025
S.R.O. 163(I)/2026
First revised valuation framework issued
February 2, 2026
S.R.O. 332(I)/2026
Second revision — further recalibration
February 24, 2026
S.R.O. 644(I)/2026
Current notification — 10–35% reductions across sectors
April 16, 2026
2. Key Changes in Valuation Rates
The revised valuation tables affect both constructed buildings and open plots across multiple sectors of the federal capital. Below are the most significant changes:
Selected Sector-Wise Valuation Changes (Per Square Yard — Open Plots)
Sector
Previous Rate (Rs/sq yd)
Revised Rate (Rs/sq yd)
B-17 & C-14 (Residential)
30,000
21,000 (–30%)
G-13 (Residential)
100,000
70,000 (–30%)
Margalla Town / Banigala / Park View / Chak Shahzad
Variable
Reductions >30%
E-7 (Upscale — Unchanged)
225,000
225,000 (No change)
Building Type
Previous Rate (Rs/sq ft)
Revised Rate (Rs/sq ft)
Superstructure (≤5 years old)
Rs 3,000
Rs 2,500 (–16.7%)
Superstructure (>5 years old)
Rs 1,500
Rs 1,200 (–20%)
3. Impact on Investors: Why This is Beneficial
3.1 Reduced Transaction Tax Burden
Every property transaction in Pakistan, whether a house, plot, apartment, shop, or land, requires both buyer and seller to pay advance income tax and withholding tax based on official FBR valuation rates. The FBR collects withholding tax ranging from 4.5% to 11.5% on the sale of property and from 2.5% to 18.5% on the purchase of property. With the new rates cutting valuations by 10 to 35 percent across a wide range of residential and commercial categories, the corresponding tax liabilities on transactions are expected to reduce proportionally.
For a mid-range residential plot in G-13, previously valued at Rs 100,000 per sq yard, a 300 sq yard plot was valued at Rs 30 million. At a 4.5% seller WHT rate, the tax liability was Rs 1.35 million. Under the revised rate of Rs 70,000/sq yd (Rs 21 million total), the same seller now faces WHT of Rs 945,000, a saving of Rs 405,000 per transaction.
3.2 Revival of Short-Term Investment Activity
Prior valuation increases had a measurable dampening effect on market activity. Higher valuations had led to a further decline in transaction volume, particularly affecting short-term investors whose profit margins were significantly eroded by higher taxes. Heavy taxation, coupled with a slow market, had pushed investors away from the real estate sector.
The revised rates are expected to provide relief to the real estate sector and help revive property transactions in the capital. This is especially significant for short-term and mid-term investors who depend on transaction velocity for returns.
3.3 Long-Term Market Transparency and Documentation
Historically, a wide gap between official FBR valuations and actual market transaction values has incentivised undocumented cash dealings. This structural misalignment has been a chronic obstacle for legitimate investors, banks financing property, and foreign direct investment into the sector.
By aligning official rates more closely with market realities, the new SRO encourages buyers and sellers to transact at declared values, thereby improving documentation and transparency across the board. This lays the groundwork for a healthier, more bankable real estate market, one that can attract institutional and overseas Pakistani investment.
4. Expert Analysis & Industry Voices
The following citations are drawn directly from analysts and industry leaders responding to S.R.O. 644(I)/2026:
“Earlier inflated valuations had created hurdles for genuine investors and contributed to a slowdown in property transactions. The new notification reflects a pragmatic approach by the FBR to rationalise property valuations in line with prevailing market conditions.”
— Sardar Tahir Mehmood, President — Islamabad Chamber of Commerce & Industry (ICCI)
“The revision would ease financial pressure on traders and industrialists who have been facing difficulties due to high taxation, thereby reviving business confidence and promoting investment in the real estate and construction sectors.”
— Tahir Ayub, Senior Vice President — ICCI
“Rationalising property values is a step towards creating a more balanced and investor-friendly environment. Such measures are essential to ensure sustainable growth in the property market and encourage greater documentation of the economy.”
— Muhammad Irfan Chaudhry, Vice President — ICCI
Real estate analysts at Pkrevenue have offered a measured assessment, noting that the revised framework could increase transaction costs in prime areas while improving transparency in property deals, but warned that higher valuations may temporarily slow activity in certain segments.
5. Broader Real Estate Market Impact
5.1 Transaction Volume Recovery
The real estate sector had experienced a measurable slowdown in transaction volumes following previous valuation hikes. The revised rates are expected to reverse this trend, particularly in developing and mid-range sectors such as B-17, C-14, G-13, Margalla Town, Chak Shahzad, Banigala, and Park View, which saw the steepest reductions (exceeding 30 percent in several cases).
5.2 Segmented Impact Across the Market
The impact of the revision is not uniform across all market segments:
Mid-range sectors: Developing and mid-range sectors (B-17, C-14, C-15, C-16, G-13) will benefit most from valuation reductions, making transactions more financially viable for a broader range of buyers and investors.
Prime/upscale zones: Upscale sectors such as E-7 and key commercial corridors in Blue Area, F-8, and G-8 retain existing rates, indicating that the FBR views prime zones as already appropriately valued.
Rural Islamabad: Rural areas of Islamabad remain outside the scope of this revision and continue to be subject to the District Collector rates from the July 2025 notification.
5.3 Construction Sector Spillover
Lower transaction taxes and improved market liquidity are expected to generate upstream benefits for the construction industry. Increased buyer activity in the residential sector typically drives demand for new construction, renovations, and ancillary real estate services, amplifying the economic impact of the revision beyond the property market itself.
6. Risks & Caveats for Investors
While the revision is broadly positive for the investment climate, several caveats must be noted:
Market conditions: The extent of any recovery in transaction volumes will depend on broader market conditions, interest rates, and purchasing power factors beyond the scope of the valuation revision itself.
Policy consistency: The frequency of four SROs in five months raises questions about regulatory stability. ICCI has urged authorities to continue engaging stakeholders in policymaking to ensure sustainable economic outcomes.
Prime zone costs: Analysts have cautioned that while transparency improves in most areas, revised valuations in certain prime commercial zones may temporarily increase transaction costs for specific buyer profiles.
Structural gap: The gap between official valuations and actual market prices internationally, where tax is typically charged on transaction value, remains a structural challenge that a single SRO cannot fully resolve.
7. Conclusion
S.R.O. 644(I)/2026 represents one of the most consequential recalibrations of Islamabad’s real estate taxation framework in recent years. For investors, the direct benefits are clear: lower transaction costs, improved market liquidity, and a more transparent regulatory environment. For the broader real estate market, the revision addresses a long-standing structural barrier, the gap between official valuations and market realities that had constrained documented investment.
The collective assessment from ICCI leadership and real estate analysts points to one central argument: that realistic valuations are a more effective instrument for achieving both government revenue growth and market transparency. Investors across residential, commercial, and construction segments stand to benefit, provided the regulatory environment stabilises, and further revisions do not undermine confidence.
Dedicated and detail-oriented SEO Content Writer, Real Estate Writer, and Research Analyst based in Islamabad, with proven expertise in developing accurate, valuable, and well-researched content. Skilled in analytical writing, market research, and reporting, with the ability to turn insights into clear, professional, and impactful content. Passionate about exploring new ideas, analyzing industry trends, and contributing to high-quality writing and research-driven projects.
ISLAMABAD: The Federal Board of Revenue’s issuance of S.R.O. 644(I)/2026 on April 16, 2026, marks the latest development in a series of property valuation adjustments for Islamabad that began in late 2025. In December 2025, the FBR suspended fresh property valuations in Islamabad after taxpayers raised concerns about increases of up to 1,250%. The April 2026 notification is the fourth significant intervention in Islamabad’s property valuation framework within five months, superseding S.R.O. 163(I)/2026 dated February 2, 2026, and S.R.O. 332(I)/2026 dated February 24, 2026.
Category
Area / Sector
Previous Rate
Revised Rate
Change (%)
Superstructure (≤5 years)
All Islamabad
Rs 3,000 / sq ft
Rs 2,500 / sq ft
↓ ~17%
Superstructure (>5 years)
All Islamabad
Rs 1,500 / sq ft
Rs 1,200 / sq ft
↓ ~20%
Residential Plot
B-17
Rs 30,000 / sq yd
Rs 21,000 / sq yd
↓ ~30%
Residential Plot
C-14
Rs 30,000 / sq yd
Rs 21,000 / sq yd
↓ ~30%
Residential Plot
C-15 / C-16
~Rs 30,000
Reduced proportionally
↓ ~30%
Residential Plot
G-13
Rs 100,000 / sq yd
Rs 70,000 / sq yd
↓ 30%
Residential Plot
Margalla Town
Higher earlier
Rs 38,500
↓ 30%+
Residential Plot
Chak Shahzad
Higher earlier
Rs 35,000
↓ 30%+
Residential Plot
Banigala
Higher earlier
Rs 24,500
↓ 30%+
Residential Plot
Park View
Higher earlier
Rs 24,500–49,000
↓ 30%+
Residential Plot
E-7
Unchanged
Rs 225,000 / sq yd
No change
Commercial
Blue Area
Unchanged
Rs 40,000–100,000 / sq ft
No change
Commercial
New Blue Area
Unchanged
Up to Rs 150,000 / sq ft
No change
Commercial
F-8 / G-8
Mostly unchanged
High values retained
Minimal change
Rural Areas
Islamabad rural
—
As per July 2025 rates
No change
The Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) has announced a reduction in the official valuation rates of immovable properties across Islamabad, slashing prices by 10 to 35 percent in a move that marks one of the most significant recalibrations of the capital’s real estate taxation framework in recent years.
The revised valuation tables, issued through an official notification on Thursday, apply to a broad spectrum of residential and commercial properties across multiple sectors of the federal capital. The adjustments affect both constructed buildings and open plots, though several prime commercial zones retain their existing benchmarks.
Under the new structure, valuation rates for residential and commercial superstructures up to five years old have been reduced from Rs3,000 to Rs2,500 per square foot, while buildings older than five years will now be assessed at Rs1,200 per square foot, down from Rs1,500.
Developing and mid-range sectors have witnessed particularly steep reductions. Residential plot rates in B-17 and C-14 have been brought down from Rs30,000 to Rs21,000 per square yard, while C-15 and C-16 have also seen proportionate cuts. In the G-series, G-13 has been revised from Rs100,000 to Rs70,000 per square yard. Prominent localities, including Margalla Town, Chak Shahzad, Banigala, and Park View, have each recorded reductions exceeding 30 percent.
Upscale sectors, however, continue to command high valuations. Residential plots in E-7 remain assessed at Rs225,000 per square yard, and key commercial corridors such as Blue Area, New Blue Area, and sectors F-8 and G-8 largely retain their existing rates, ranging between Rs40,000 and Rs150,000 per square foot.
Rural areas of Islamabad remain outside the scope of this revision and will continue to follow rates determined by the District Collector under the July 2025 notification.
The revision is widely seen as an effort to align official property valuations more closely with prevailing market realities, potentially encouraging greater documentation and transparency in real estate transactions across the capital.
What the New Rates Mean for Buyers and Sellers
The revised valuation rates directly affect the tax obligations of both parties in any property transaction. Every property transaction, whether involving a house, plot, apartment, shop, or any other form of land, requires both the buyer and the seller to pay advance income tax and withholding tax based on official FBR valuation rates. An increase in official valuation directly raises the cost of property transactions for both buyers and sellers.
The FBR collects withholding tax ranging from 4.5% to 11.5% on the sale of property and from 2.5% to 18.5% on the purchase of property in December 2025.With the new rates cutting valuations by 10 to 35 percent across a wide range of residential and commercial categories, the corresponding tax liabilities on transactions are expected to reduce proportionally across most sectors.
Effect on Transaction Volumes
Prior valuation increases had a measurable dampening effect on market activity. Higher valuations lead to a further decline in transaction volume, particularly affecting short-term investors, whose profit margins are significantly eroded by higher taxes.Heavy taxation, coupled with a slow market, had pushed investors away from the real estate sector.
The revised rates are expected to provide relief to the real estate sector and help revive property transactions in the capital.However, the extent of any recovery in transaction volumes will depend on broader market conditions, interest rates, and purchasing power factors beyond the scope of the valuation revision itself.
Business Community Perspective
Real estate analysts have offered a measured reading of the implications. According to Pkrevenue, analysts said the revised framework could increase transaction costs in prime areas while improving transparency in property deals, but warned that higher valuations may temporarily slow activity in certain segments.
“Noting that earlier inflated valuations had created hurdles for genuine investors and contributed to a slowdown in property transactions, and that the new notification reflects a pragmatic approach by the FBR to rationalise property valuations in line with prevailing market conditions.”
ICCI Senior Vice President Tahir Ayub called for direct financial relief for market participants, stating that:
“The revision would ease financial pressure on traders and industrialists who have been facing difficulties due to high taxation, thereby reviving business confidence and promoting investment in the real estate and construction sectors.”
ICCI Vice President Muhammad Irfan Chaudhry addressed the longer-term structural dimension, remarking that:
“Rationalising property values is a step towards creating a more balanced and investor-friendly environment, and such measures are essential to ensure sustainable growth in the property market and encourage greater documentation of the economy.”
The collective assessment from these voices points to one central argument: that the gap between official FBR valuations and actual market prices had become a structural barrier to legitimate transactions, and that realistic valuations are a more effective instrument for achieving both revenue growth and market transparency.
Policy Consistency and Regulatory Context
Since 2016, the FBR has been determining fair market prices for properties in major urban centres, with the revised property tables used to calculate federal taxes, including capital gains tax and withholding tax. Internationally, tax is charged on the transaction value, but in Pakistan, the collector value is often much lower than the actual transaction value, a structural gap that has complicated property tax policy for years.
The frequency of revisions in the current cycle, four SROs in five months, has drawn attention to the need for a more stable valuation framework. The ICCI urged authorities to continue engaging stakeholders in policymaking to ensure sustainable economic outcomes, reflecting a broader industry call for a consultative and consistent regulatory process going forward.
Dedicated and detail-oriented SEO Content Writer, Real Estate Writer, and Research Analyst based in Islamabad, with proven expertise in developing accurate, valuable, and well-researched content. Skilled in analytical writing, market research, and reporting, with the ability to turn insights into clear, professional, and impactful content. Passionate about exploring new ideas, analyzing industry trends, and contributing to high-quality writing and research-driven projects.
If you are planning a trip to northern Pakistan, one destination that should be at the top of your list is Altit Fort, a centuries-old monument that stands as a silent witness to the rise and fall of one of the most powerful dynasties in the Karakoram region. From its dramatic clifftop position to its intricate wooden carvings and dark underground prison, every corner of this fort tells a story worth knowing.
Quick Facts
Features
Details
Location
Altit Village, Hunza, Gilgit-Baltistan
Built By
Mirs of Hunza
Age
~1,100 Years Old
Built In
9th – 11th Century AD
Altitude
~2,400 meters above sea level
Restored By
Aga Khan Trust for Culture (2001–2007)
UNESCO Award
Asia-Pacific Award of Distinction (2011)
Entry Fee
Rs. 250 – Rs. 1,650 (varies by nationality)
Opening Hours
9:00 AM – 5:00 PM (Daily)
Best Time to Visit
April – October
Temperature Range
-15°C (Winter) to 30°C (Summer)
Nearest City
Karimabad (~2 km)
What Is Altit Fort?
Perched on the edge of a 1,000-foot cliff overlooking the Hunza River, Altit Fort is widely recognized as the oldest surviving monument in Gilgit-Baltistan. It is located in Altit village, just a short drive from the popular tourist hub of Karimabad, in the Hunza District of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.
The fort is believed to be approximately 1,100 years old, making it older than most historical structures in the entire region. For centuries, it served as the seat of power for the rulers of Hunza. After decades of gradual decline, it was carefully restored and reopened to the public in 2007. In 2011, it received the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Award of Distinction, recognising both its architectural value and the quality of its restoration.
Today, Altit Fort welcomes thousands of visitors every year who come to explore its royal halls, ancient mosque, watchtower, and the breathtaking views it offers over the Hunza Valley.
Altit Fort Location
Altit Fort location sits in Altit village, approximately 2 kilometres from Karimabad in the Hunza District of Gilgit-Baltistan. The exact coordinates are 36°18’59.3″N and 74°40’55.4″E. It stands on the southern bank of the Hunza River, positioned at an altitude of approximately 2,400 meters above sea level.
How to Reach Altit Fort
Travellers from Islamabad can reach the fort by taking the Karakoram Highway (KKH), one of the highest paved international roads in the world. The road journey takes approximately 12 to 14 hours by private car or shared transport. The nearest domestic airport is Gilgit Airport, located roughly 100 kilometres away, with regular flights from Islamabad on clear weather days.
From Karimabad, the fort is accessible by a 15-20-minute drive or a scenic walk through Altit village. Parking is available near the fort entrance. The road leading to the fort passes through a beautifully maintained heritage village, offering visitors a glimpse of the traditional Hunza lifestyle before they reach the monument itself.
Altit Fort Was Built by Which Family?
One of the most frequently asked questions about this monument is: Altit Fort was built by which family? The answer lies deep in the history of the Hunza princely state.
Altit Fort was built by the Mirs of Hunza, the hereditary rulers who held the title of “Mir,” meaning “prince.” The original structure is believed to have been constructed around the 9th to 11th century AD, during the early reign of the Mir dynasty.
Local craftsmen, supported by skilled Balti artisans, carried out the construction using rough stone, pebbles, mud mortar, and timber without any use of cement or steel.
History of Altit Fort
The fort’s development continued over several centuries. A significant addition came in the 16th century when a local Mir prince married a Baltistani princess.
She brought with her a team of master craftsmen from Baltistan who added refined architectural elements to the structure, blending Balti and Tibetan styles with Central Asian influences. A pivotal moment in the fort’s history occurred in the 1540s, when a bitter dispute broke out between two royal brothers, Prince Shah Abbas (also known as Shabos) and Prince Ali Khan.
This family conflict eventually led to the construction of a separate fort, which is now known as Baltit Fort. Prince Ali Khan, according to local legend, was buried alive inside the Shikari Tower of Altit Fort as a consequence of this dispute, and his standing grave can still be seen inside the tower today.
For those wondering altit fort built by which family, the answer is clear: the Mir dynasty of Hunza, one of the most influential ruling families in the entire Karakoram mountain region.
The royal family continued to maintain the fort until 1990, when they gifted it to the Aga Khan Foundation, a decision that ultimately saved the structure from permanent ruin.
Historical Significance of Altit Fort in Hunza Valley
Altit Fort Hunza Valley connection goes far beyond just architecture. This fort was the original capital and political centre of the Hunza state, the first seat of power before the rulers shifted their base to Baltit Fort.
Its location was strategically chosen. Sitting high on a cliff above the Hunza River, the fort gave rulers complete visual control over the valley below and the ancient Silk Road trade routes passing through it.
The Mirs used this vantage point to monitor and often tax the caravans of merchants, traders, and travellers moving between Central Asia, China, and South Asia.
The Mir dynasty continued to rule Hunza as a semi-autonomous princely state until 1972, when Pakistan’s political reforms formally dissolved the system of princely governance. After this point, the fort fell into gradual disrepair until the Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC) stepped in.
Architecture: What Makes It Unique?
The architecture of Altit Fort is one of its most compelling features. The entire structure was built without a single gram of cement or steel. Instead, the builders relied on rough-cut stone, river pebbles, mud mortar, and large wooden beams, a construction method that has proven remarkably durable over more than a thousand years.
The architectural style is a fascinating blend of Balti-Tibetan vernacular design, with visible Central Asian and Persian influences. Key features include:
The Shikari Tower is the oldest section of the fort, estimated to be around 1,100 years old. It served multiple purposes: a watchtower to spot approaching enemies, a court of law where judgments were delivered, and, reportedly, the site where condemned prisoners were thrown off the cliff to their deaths. The standing grave of Prince Ali Khan is also located here.
The Royal Living Quarters include several rooms used by the Mir family, including a living room with an ancient sundial, a royal meeting hall, and, interestingly, a wine storage room dating back to the pre-Islamic era of Hunza’s history.
The Ancient Mosque, believed to be around 400 years old, is still in remarkably good condition and remains an active place of worship.
Low Doorways are a clever defensive feature throughout the fort. Most doorways stand at just around five feet high, forcing anyone entering to bow their head, making it impossible for an enemy to enter with a weapon raised.
Underground Prison Cells beneath the fort were used to hold prisoners. These dark, cramped cells give visitors a sobering sense of how justice was administered in medieval times.
The woodwork throughout the fort on doors, window frames, and ceilings features intricate hand-carved geometric and floral patterns that reflect the artistic traditions of multiple cultural influences.
Altit Fort Temperature and Best Time to Visit
Understanding Altit Fort temperature patterns is essential for planning a comfortable visit.
Season
Months
Temperature Range
Visitor Experience
Spring
March – May
8°C to 18°C
Apricot blossoms, ideal weather
Summer
June – August
20°C to 30°C
Peak season, clear skies
Autumn
September – October
10°C to 20°C
Golden poplars, great photography
Winter
November – February
-3°C to -15°C
Snow, limited road access
The best time to visit is between April and October. Late March to April is particularly magical when the apricot and cherry trees in the Altit village burst into bloom, creating a pink-and-white landscape against the backdrop of snow-capped mountains. September and October offer golden autumn colours and fewer tourists, making it ideal for photography and peaceful exploration.
Restoration and UNESCO Recognition
The restoration of Altit Fort is considered one of the finest heritage conservation projects in Asia. After the royal family donated the fort to the Aga Khan Foundation in 1990, the Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC) launched a comprehensive restoration program between 2001 and 2007, funded in partnership with the Government of Norway.
The project did not stop at the fort itself. The surrounding village of Altit was also rehabilitated, with water and sanitation systems improved, abandoned homes restored, and the local community actively involved throughout the process. The fort was reopened to the public in 2007 and in 2011 received the prestigious UNESCO Asia-Pacific Award of Distinction for its exceptional approach to cultural heritage preservation.
Today, the fort employs approximately 15 people directly and is managed through the Altit Town Management Society, ensuring that the benefits of tourism reach the local community.
Visitor Information
Opening Hours: 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM, seven days a week
KhaBasi Café inside the fort garden serves traditional local food
Serena Hotel is located within the Fort Lawns for those who want to stay nearby
Always ask for permission before photographing local residents
Nearby Attractions
While visiting Altit Fort, do not miss these nearby destinations:
Baltit Fort (~3 km away) the other iconic fort of Hunza
Eagle’s Nest (~5 km) offers one of the best panoramic views in the entire Karakoram
Attabad Lake (~30 km) is a stunning turquoise lake formed by a 2010 landslide
Passu Cones (~50 km), dramatic rock pinnacles rising from the valley floor
Karimabad Bazaar is perfect for buying local handicrafts, dried apricots, and traditional Hunza caps
Final Thoughts
Altit Fort is not just a historical monument; it is a living piece of Central Asian and South Asian heritage that has survived earthquakes, invasions, political upheavals, and the slow decay of time. Whether you are a history enthusiast, a travel photographer, or simply someone who appreciates extraordinary places, this fort offers an experience that few other destinations in Pakistan can match. Plan your visit between April and October, come with curiosity, and leave with a deep appreciation for the civilisation that once thrived on these clifftops above the Hunza River.
Dedicated and detail-oriented SEO Content Writer, Real Estate Writer, and Research Analyst based in Islamabad, with proven expertise in developing accurate, valuable, and well-researched content. Skilled in analytical writing, market research, and reporting, with the ability to turn insights into clear, professional, and impactful content. Passionate about exploring new ideas, analyzing industry trends, and contributing to high-quality writing and research-driven projects.
