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FCC Declares Section 7E Property Tax Unconstitutional, Bringing Relief to Property Owners

ISLAMABAD: The Federal Constitutional Court has ruled that Section 7E of the Income Tax Ordinance 2001 is unconstitutional, calling the tax on immovable properties “confiscatory in nature.” The judgment was issued in a case concerning tax charged on the “deemed income” of properties, even when such properties were not producing any actual income.

According to the court, imposing tax on a property that does not generate income can create an unfair financial burden on owners. Chief Justice Aminuddin Khan observed that such a levy may force a person to sell a non-income-generating asset simply to meet tax liability.

Section 7E was introduced through the Finance Act 2022 and allowed authorities to tax certain assets and properties on the basis of assumed income. However, the court found that the provision operated in a discriminatory manner by granting exemptions to some classes while treating similarly placed taxpayers differently.

The judgment also linked the matter to Article 23 of the Constitution, which protects the right of citizens to acquire, hold, and dispose of property. The court further noted that overlapping tax claims by federal and provincial authorities could expose taxpayers to unnecessary litigation and possible double taxation.

The decision is expected to bring relief to property owners and investors, particularly those holding land, houses, or commercial properties for long-term value rather than rental income.

For Pakistan’s real estate sector, the ruling may improve confidence by reducing uncertainty around property-related taxation.

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Source:

99% Tax Target
CategoriesNews Budget Developments Economy Property Property Taxes Tax

Punjab Hits 99% Tax Target, Plans FBR-Like Tax Body

LAHORE: Punjab’s government has announced plans to create a unified revenue authority modelled on the Federal Board of Revenue, consolidating all provincial tax streams under a single institutional framework during the upcoming fiscal year.

Finance Minister Mian Mujtaba Shujaur Rehman disclosed the initiative at a post-budget press conference on Wednesday, citing strong performance in the outgoing fiscal year as grounds for the reform. The province met 99 percent of its tax collection target, prompting officials to raise the revenue goal for FY 2026-27 by 46 percent. Own-source revenues are projected to grow between 30 and 40 percent, a gain the minister attributed to curbing corruption within tax administration and broadening the provincial tax base.

Under the new targets, the Punjab Revenue Authority has been assigned a collection goal of Rs528 billion, while the Excise and Taxation Department will aim for Rs124 billion. Non-tax departments are expected to contribute Rs461 billion, with the Mines and Minerals Department emerging as the leading performer in that category.

Rehman noted that only modest revisions to existing tax rates were proposed for the coming year, given current economic conditions. He explained that a Rs546 billion grant to the federal government had reduced Punjab’s development budget from Rs1,240 billion to Rs752 billion, though officials maintained that no development priorities were compromised.

Addressing reporters’ questions, the minister confirmed that proposed amendments to the agricultural tax, unchanged since 1998, would apply only to landholdings exceeding 12.5 acres.

Senior Minister Marriyum Aurangzeb, also present at the briefing, rejected claims that southern Punjab or the agriculture sector were being neglected, pointing to rising acreage and crop output. She further clarified that reports of a Rs145 billion traffic-fine target were inaccurate, stating that the actual figure is Rs45 billion. Officials added that documentation for 493 new development schemes, including a laptop distribution programme, would be finalised by June 30.

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Sources:

Construction Sector Bounces Back with 5.73% Growth
CategoriesNews Budget Construction Economy

Pakistan’s Construction Sector Bounces Back with 5.73% Growth in FY2025-26

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s construction sector has emerged as one of the key drivers of economic recovery, registering a robust growth of 5.73% during FY2025-26, a remarkable turnaround from the modest 1.14% expansion recorded in the previous fiscal year. The figures were disclosed in the Pakistan Economic Survey 2025-26, released by the Ministry of Finance.

The significant acceleration in growth has been attributed to improved macroeconomic conditions, a stable exchange rate, declining inflation, and a notable rise in private investment, which surged by 12.8% during the same period. These combined factors created a more conducive environment for developers, contractors, and investors to expand their activities across the country.

The construction sector holds strategic importance in Pakistan’s economy owing to its deep linkages with more than 40 allied industries, including cement, steel, glass, ceramics, paints, electrical equipment, and transport services.

The sector’s upward trajectory consequently provided a significant boost to broader industrial performance. The industrial sector expanded by 3.51%, while large-scale manufacturing recorded an impressive growth of 6.11% during FY2025-26.

Demand for key construction materials, particularly cement and steel products, also rose considerably, reflecting the heightened pace of building and infrastructure activity across urban and semi-urban areas.

Pakistan’s growing population, which reached approximately 252 million in FY2025-26, has further intensified demand for housing, transportation networks, and urban infrastructure, providing sustained momentum to the sector.

Additionally, construction remains one of the highest-employment sectors in the economy. Its extensive supply chain supports skilled, semi-skilled, and unskilled workers, while also creating business opportunities for contractors, suppliers, and transporters.

Analysts view the sector’s strong performance as a positive indicator of broader economic stabilisation, noting that continued investment in infrastructure and housing will be critical to sustaining this growth trajectory in the years ahead.

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Sources:

Finance Bill 2026-27
CategoriesNews Budget Economy Property Property Taxes Real Estate Tax

Government Reduces Property Transfer Taxes by 50% in Finance Bill 2026-27

ISLAMABAD: The Federal Government has announced a series of significant tax reductions in the Finance Bill 2026-27, aimed at revitalising Pakistan’s real estate sector and reducing the financial burden on property buyers and sellers nationwide.

Under the new measures, the advance tax on property sales has been reduced by half. Sellers on the Active Taxpayers List (ATL) will now pay a flat rate of 2.75% under Section 236C, down from the previous 5.5%. Similarly, buyers who are registered filers will benefit from a reduced advance tax rate of 1.25% on the fair market value of purchased properties under Section 236K, compared to the earlier rate of 2.5%.

In a landmark move, the Finance Bill officially abolishes Section 7E, which levied a deemed income tax on immovable properties by taxing owners on a notional 5% of income, regardless of whether the property generated any actual earnings.

The Federal Constitutional Court had already declared Section 7E unconstitutional and void ab initio in May 2026, and the Finance Bill now formally removes it from the statute books.

The government has also abolished the Capital Value Tax (CVT) on foreign assets held by resident Pakistanis. Previously, Pakistanis owning properties abroad were required to pay CVT on their declared foreign wealth. The removal of this tax is expected to encourage greater transparency and documentation of overseas assets.

Furthermore, the Finance Bill introduces important amendments to Section 76(8A) regarding inherited property. The cost of an inherited asset will henceforth be recorded at the fair market value on the date of the original owner’s death, ensuring that heirs are not subjected to capital gains tax on value appreciation that occurred prior to inheritance.

It is noteworthy that while registered filers receive considerable relief, non-filers and individuals on the Non-Active Taxpayers List will continue to face substantially higher punitive tax rates during property transactions, reinforcing the government’s broader strategy of incentivising tax compliance and expanding the documented economy.

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Sources:

CategoriesSpecial Report Budget Construction Economy Property Property Laws Property Taxes Real Estate Real Estate Investment

FY2026-27 Targets 3.5% Real Estate Growth Amid Rs1 Trillion Development Cap

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s federal budget for 2026–27 has introduced substantial tax relief for the real estate sector, with the government seeking to revive property transactions, encourage documented investment, and generate activity across construction-related industries.

The main measures presented on June 12 include the proposed abolition of the tax on deemed income from immovable property, sharply lower advance taxes on property transactions, a Rs71 billion allocation for subsidised housing finance and customs-duty relief on specified construction vehicles.

Industry representatives have largely welcomed the measures, describing them as a possible turning point for a market that has faced weak transaction volumes and declining investor confidence.

Economists and business associations, however, have cautioned that tax concessions alone may not produce a lasting construction revival unless the government also addresses financing costs, energy prices, building-material expenses and regulatory delays.

Section 7E proposed to be abolished

One of the most important changes is the proposed omission of Section 7E of the Income Tax Ordinance.

Section 7E imposed tax on deemed income from certain capital assets, mainly immovable property, even where the property was not producing actual rental income. Property owners and industry bodies had repeatedly criticised the provision as an additional cost of holding property.

The Finance Bill 2026 formally proposes removing the section. Once enacted, the measure would reduce the recurring tax and compliance burden on qualifying property owners.

Real-estate stakeholders believe its removal could help restore investor confidence, particularly among people holding undeveloped, vacant or non-rental property.

However, the budget documents do not yet explain how outstanding disputes, previous assessments or pending cases under Section 7E will be dealt with.

Advance tax reduced for buyers and sellers

The Finance Bill proposes reducing advance income tax on the sale or transfer of immovable property under Section 236C to a flat rate of 2.75% of the gross consideration received.

For buyers, the bill sets the advance tax under Section 236K at 1.25% of the property’s fair market value.

These rates apply to taxpayers appearing on the Active Taxpayers’ List. Higher rates may continue to apply to late filers and non-filers.

There is, however, a difference between the two official documents. The Finance Bill states that the buyer-side rate will be 1.25%, while the Federal Board of Revenue’s salient-features document refers to a rate of 1.5%.

The wording of the Finance Bill is more legally significant, but the difference will require clarification before the measure is finally enacted.

The lower taxes are expected to reduce the upfront amount paid at the time of registration or transfer, particularly in higher-value transactions.

Faisalabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry President Farooq Yousaf Sheikh said the reduction could reactivate investment and encourage people to return to the property market.

He described real estate and construction as important economic sectors because of their links with cement, steel, transport, electrical equipment, paint, ceramics and employment.

Property dealers, developers and building-material suppliers also expressed optimism that lower transaction costs would improve market confidence and increase buying and selling activity.

Housing subsidies aim to support genuine demand

The budget provides Rs. 71 billion for the Prime Minister’s Apna Ghar Programme. The initiative is intended to support affordable mortgage financing for low- and middle-income households.

A separate Rs5 billion has been allocated for the Mera Pakistan Mera Ghar mark-up subsidy scheme.

These programmes could be more directly connected with physical construction than general property tax relief because housing finance is normally linked to the purchase or construction of residential units.

Their actual impact will depend on the operating rules, including borrower eligibility, maximum loan and property values, down-payment requirements, participating banks and the duration of the subsidised mark-up rate.

The federal budget also provides approximately Rs18.57 billion under the functional classification of housing and community amenities. This includes around Rs143 million for housing development and Rs18.43 billion for community development.

These amounts represent budget classifications and should not be added to the Rs71 billion mortgage subsidy as though they are part of one housing programme.

Construction vehicles receive targeted customs relief

The FBR has proposed reducing customs duty from 20% to 10% on specified specialised construction-related vehicles.

The measure may reduce equipment costs for contractors and developers importing eligible vehicles. Its effect will depend on the exact tariff codes covered by the concession.

The relief does not apply to every vehicle, machine or piece of construction equipment. Larger contractors and infrastructure companies are also more likely to benefit than small builders, who normally rent machinery instead of importing it.

Steel taxation linked to electricity use

The budget introduces a mechanism allowing sales tax in the steel sector to be assessed on the basis of monthly electricity units consumed.

The government appears to be using electricity consumption as an indicator of steel production to improve documentation and identify underreported output.

The measure may strengthen tax enforcement, but manufacturers could face difficulties where electricity consumption does not accurately match saleable production because of inefficient machinery, production interruptions or differences in product type.

It is therefore too early to determine whether the change will raise steel prices. Any direct claim about its impact on construction costs would remain speculative until detailed rules are issued and implemented.

Additional property-related tax changes

The government has also proposed abolishing Capital Value Tax on foreign movable and immovable assets held by resident Pakistanis.

This proposal applies to qualifying assets situated outside Pakistan. It does not remove taxes, stamp duties or transfer charges on property located within the country.

The Finance Bill also clarifies the cost basis to be used when inherited immovable property is later sold, along with the treatment of property transferred through family settlements after a death. The amendments may reduce disputes over capital-gains calculations, although detailed guidance will still be needed.

Industry welcomes relief but seeks wider reforms

The Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce and Industry welcomed the reduction in property transaction taxes and other business concessions.

FPCCI President Atif Ikram Sheikh described the property withholding-tax reductions as positive, but said the overall budget did not fully address the conditions needed for sustained industrial growth.

The chamber highlighted high energy prices, corporate taxation, turnover taxes and the general cost of doing business as continuing concerns.

The Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industry also gave the budget a mixed assessment. Former RCCI president Raja Amer Iqbal welcomed the property incentives, while the chamber’s leadership said the budget lacked a comprehensive strategy for industrial revival and stronger export-led growth.

The Overseas Investors Chamber of Commerce and Industry similarly described the rationalisation of property advance taxes as a constructive step that could support economic activity. It nevertheless stressed that the success of the wider reform programme would depend on execution.

The business community’s response suggests that the budget is likely to support the demand side of the property market by making transactions less expensive. Construction companies, however, remain exposed to high costs for financing, energy, fuel, cement, steel and transport.

Documentation rules may limit undocumented transactions

Alongside the tax relief, the FBR has said that Section 114C of the Income Tax Ordinance will be enforced in the real-estate sector from July 1, 2026.

The provision allows authorities to restrict certain major economic transactions where a person’s declared income, assets or financial capacity do not support the value of the transaction.

As a result, a person buying expensive property may need not only the required funds but also tax records showing a legitimate and declared source of financing.

The policy therefore combines lower transaction rates with tighter documentation. It may encourage compliant investment while making high-value transactions more difficult for people operating outside the documented economy.

Public construction may remain constrained

Although the private property sector has received tax relief, the federal Public Sector Development Programme has been limited to Rs1 trillion.

The restricted allocation reflects the government’s limited fiscal space, large debt-servicing obligations and commitments under its programme with the International Monetary Fund.

A smaller federal development envelope could limit new contracts for roads, public buildings, infrastructure, water systems and other government-funded construction projects.

The outlook may therefore differ across the sector. Private housing and property transactions could improve, while contractors heavily dependent on federal development projects may continue to face a limited pipeline of work.

Experts caution against speculative growth

Former finance minister Miftah Ismail described the overall budget as offering limited relief but argued that it did not contain a strong programme for job creation, exports, economic expansion or poverty reduction.

The concern among economists is that property tax concessions can produce two very different results.

In the first, developers build new housing, offices and infrastructure, generating employment and demand for construction materials.

In the second, investors mainly trade existing plots and properties, causing prices to rise without adding significant productive capacity.

Tax relief can increase transactions, but it cannot by itself guarantee new development. Interest rates, access to mortgages, construction costs, approval procedures, utility connections and buyer affordability will determine whether the activity moves from property trading to physical construction.

Outlook

The immediate outlook is positive for property transactions and market sentiment. Lower advance taxes and the removal of Section 7E are likely to reduce costs for documented buyers, sellers and property owners.

The Rs71 billion Apna Ghar allocation could also create genuine housing demand if banks, regulators and government departments introduce practical and accessible financing rules.

The effect on physical construction is less certain. New development is likely to respond more slowly because developers must consider financing, materials, energy, approvals and consumer purchasing power.

The broad industry view is that the budget provides meaningful relief, but its success will be judged by whether it produces completed homes, commercial projects, employment and documented investment, not merely an increase in the trading and prices of existing property.

For more news on real estate and Special Reports, visit Chakor Ventures.

References

  • Associated Press of Pakistan. (2026a, June 12). FCCI hails budget incentives as catalyst for investment, exports revival.
  • Associated Press of Pakistan. (2026b, June 12). FPCCI welcomes macroeconomic stabilization in federal budget.
  • Associated Press of Pakistan. (2026c, June 12). RCCI welcomes relief measures, calls for stronger industrial support.
  • Associated Press of Pakistan. (2026d, June 12). Real estate and construction sectors welcome tax relief in the budget.
  • Business Recorder. (2026, June 13). Live updates: Budget 2026–27.
  • Federal Board of Revenue. (2026). Salient features: Budget 2026–27. Government of Pakistan.
  • Finance Division, Government of Pakistan. (2026a). Budget in brief 2026–27.
  • Finance Division, Government of Pakistan. (2026b). Finance Bill, 2026.
  • Geo News. (2026, June 13). A budget of small fixes.
  • Reuters. (2026, June 12). Pakistan budget raises defence spending, squeezes development to meet IMF goals.
CategoriesNews Budget Economy Tax

PM Shehbaz Signs Federal Budget 2026–27 Draft

ISLAMABAD: Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif signed the Federal Budget 2026–27 draft on Friday after chairing a federal cabinet meeting in Islamabad. Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb is set to present it before parliament the same day.

The budget carries a total outlay of Rs17.1 trillion, with a GDP growth target of 4.1 percent, an inflation projection of 8.4 percent, and an FBR tax revenue target of Rs15.267 trillion. New tax measures between Rs660 billion and Rs700 billion are also expected.

Addressing the cabinet, the PM acknowledged that taxation would create hardship but described it as necessary to correct long-standing economic imbalances. He noted that inflation had fallen from 38 percent over the past two years and the policy rate had dropped from 22.5 percent to 11 percent, though regional instability from the Gulf crisis had slowed further progress.

Key Tax Proposals

The salaried class may receive up to Rs50 billion in income tax relief through revised slabs and reduced rates on monthly earnings above Rs183,400. A 2 percent cut in the super tax rate and removal of the 1 percent advance income tax on exporters are also under consideration.

For real estate, withholding tax on property purchases for filers may drop from 1.5 percent to 0.25 percent, while the seller tax could fall from 4.5 percent to 1.5 percent. The IMF has reportedly agreed in principle to support the property tax reductions. Non-filers are not expected to benefit.

The BISP quarterly stipend may rise from Rs13,000 to Rs14,500, with Rs838 billion allocated to the programme.

All four provincial governments endorsed the national development plan through the NEC ahead of the budget’s presentation. The PM also acknowledged support from coalition partners PML-N, PPP, MQM, IPP, BAP, and PML-Q in finalising the budget.

For more news on real estate and special reports, visit Chakor Ventues.

Sources:

  • The Express Tribune
  • ARY News
  • Pakistan Observer
  • Pakistan Today
  • TechJuice
  • Bloom Pakistan
  • Daily Pakistan
  • Business Recorder
  • Pakistan Times
  • Lahore Real Estate
CategoriesNews Budget Economy Power/Energy Tax

From Solar to Stocks: Pakistan’s Budget 2026-27 Promises Tax Continuity

ISLAMABAD: The federal government has decided to maintain existing tax rates on solar panels, stationery items, and the stock market in the upcoming Budget 2026-27, providing relief to consumers and investors who had feared potential increases.

According to senior tax officials, the earlier proposal to raise sales tax on solar panels from 10 to 18 percent has been formally withdrawn. This decision is expected to sustain the momentum of solar energy adoption across Pakistan, particularly among households and small businesses increasingly reliant on renewable energy solutions amid persistent power outages.

Similarly, the proposed hike in sales tax on stationery items will not be pursued in the forthcoming budget. The move is likely to be welcomed by students, educational institutions, and the stationery trade, which had raised concerns about the impact on affordability of any such increase.

Stock market taxation will also remain unchanged, effective July 1, 2026, offering a degree of stability to investors and market participants who have been closely monitoring pre-budget policy signals.

On the income tax front, the government intends to raise the threshold for the highest tax slab for salaried individuals. Simultaneously, the surcharge currently levied on the highest income earners is set to be abolished, representing a structural adjustment aimed at rationalising the direct tax framework.

A significant development for the export sector is the likely abolition of the one percent tax on exports. Highly placed officials confirmed that this relief measure forms part of a broader exporter support package to be announced in the budget speech. The industry has long advocated for the reinstatement of the Final Tax Regime with a one percent turnover tax, calling for protection from undue regulatory pressure.

The tax status of the real estate sector, however, remains under deliberation and has not yet been finalised.

For more news on real estate and special reports, visit Chakor Ventures.

Sources:

CategoriesConstruction Budget Developments Economy Tax

ABAD Urges Government to Cut Property Transfer Taxes Ahead of Federal Budget 2026-27

ISLAMABAD: The Association of Builders and Developers of Pakistan (ABAD) has formally called on the federal government to introduce tax relief measures for the real estate sector in the upcoming Budget 2026-27, warning that the current tax burden is deterring domestic and foreign investment. The federal budget is scheduled to be announced on June 10.

ABAD Chairman Muhammad Hassan Bakshi stated that the construction and real estate sector, with an estimated market value of $1 trillion, currently contributes only 2.2 to 2.5 percent to Pakistan’s GDP. He argued that policy reforms aligned with regional benchmarks could raise that contribution to 15 percent.

A central concern raised by ABAD is the high cost of property transfers. For tax filers, the transfer cost currently stands at 10 to 12 percent, while non-filers face rates as high as 30 to 32 percent. By comparison, the transfer cost in Dubai is four percent. Bakshi urged policymakers to bring Pakistan’s rates in line with Dubai or lower, to make the market competitive and attract capital held abroad.

ABAD has also requested that builders be taxed on a per-square-foot basis, a measure it says would simplify compliance and reduce disputes with tax authorities. Relief for first-time homebuyers was also among the association’s demands.

Beyond taxation, ABAD called for the digitalisation of land records and approval processes nationwide to reduce corruption and improve investor confidence. The association also emphasised the need for a long-term, legislation-backed policy developed in consultation with industry stakeholders.

The construction sector is the second-largest employer in Pakistan after agriculture, with 72 industries linked to it. Lower tax rates, ABAD maintains, would ultimately increase government revenue by encouraging greater compliance rather than avoidance.

Muhammad Waqas Ghani, Head of Research at JS Global Capital Limited, described potential real estate incentives in Budget FY27 as a positive development, noting that investment flows into the sector are likely to continue in the coming months.

Pakistan is currently operating under a $7 billion International Monetary Fund (IMF) loan program. The IMF has called on the country, which has a tax-to-GDP ratio of approximately 10 percent, to broaden its tax base by bringing sectors such as real estate, agriculture, and retail more fully into the tax net. The government is also targeting approximately Rs860 billion ($3.1 billion) in new tax revenue in the coming fiscal year.

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Sources:

CategoriesNews Budget Economy

Pakistan Budget 2026-27 May Be Delayed to June 10 Amid $7 Billion IMF Talks

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s federal budget for fiscal year 2026-27 is unlikely to be presented on June 5, as previously expected, because some fiscal measures are still being discussed with the International Monetary Fund.

According to Reuters, a government source and local media reported on Wednesday that the budget may now be presented on June 10. The source said the delay is mainly linked to unresolved matters with the IMF over fiscal space, including funds that provinces may need to give up for federal spending.

The government has not officially announced a reason for the possible delay. Pakistan’s finance ministry did not immediately respond to Reuters’ request for comment.

Despite the expected delay in the budget presentation, the parliamentary session scheduled for June 5 is still expected to take place. The session may allow the government and opposition to discuss budget-related issues before the formal presentation.

Pakistan is currently under a $7 billion IMF bailout program, which has helped stabilize the economy after a difficult financial period. Any delay in finalizing the budget reflects the importance of IMF approval in shaping Pakistan’s spending and revenue plans.

The upcoming budget is being closely watched by businesses, investors, and the public, as the government is expected to balance demands for economic relief with the need to meet revenue targets. Key sectors, including real estate and construction, are hoping for tax relief, but final decisions may depend on the outcome of continuing talks with the IMF.

The budget delay adds uncertainty at a time when Pakistan is trying to maintain economic recovery while managing pressure on public finances.

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Source:

Budget 2026-27
CategoriesNews Budget Economy

Budget 2026-27: Pakistan and IMF Close In on Fiscal Agreement

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s federal budget negotiations with the International Monetary Fund have stretched beyond their original deadline, with both sides working to finalise key fiscal parameters ahead of the anticipated budget presentation on June 5, 2026.

The IMF mission, which had been scheduled to conclude discussions on Wednesday, extended its stay in Islamabad to resolve a handful of remaining outstanding issues. Sources familiar with the matter confirmed that most points of contention have been settled, signalling broad alignment between the two parties on the fiscal framework for the upcoming year.

On the revenue front, the Federal Board of Revenue has been assigned an ambitious collection target of Rs15.264 trillion for the next fiscal year, with an interim benchmark of Rs7.022 trillion due by December 2026. The Fund has recommended an 18% increase in petroleum levy collections, pushing the total petroleum development levy target to Rs1.73 trillion, with the per-litre levy potentially rising to Rs100. Additional revenues of Rs 95 billion are expected through tax audits, while Rs 50 billion in sector-specific recoveries are being sought from sugar, cement, tobacco, and fertiliser industries.

Provinces have been directed to contribute meaningfully to fiscal consolidation, with a combined surplus target of nearly Rs2 trillion and an additional revenue generation requirement of Rs430 billion. Provincial development allocations, meanwhile, are proposed to increase from Rs2.1 trillion to Rs2.5 trillion.

On the expenditure side, defence spending is set to rise modestly to Rs2.665 trillion, while debt servicing remains the dominant fiscal pressure, with interest payments projected at Rs7.8 trillion. Pakistan’s total external financing requirements are estimated at $21.2 billion.

In a notable social measure, quarterly disbursements under the Benazir Income Support Programme are set to increase from Rs14,500 to Rs18,000. Public sector development spending has been projected at approximately Rs. 968 billion.

The IMF has also called for Rs430 billion in new tax measures and a phase-out of incentives for special economic zones by 2035. Looking ahead, economic growth is projected at 3.5% with average inflation expected at 8.4%.

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Sources: